William Gillies (1898-1973) was a prolific Scottish painter, recognized for his landscapes and still-lifes, who skilled after which taught at Edinburgh Faculty of Artwork (ECA) for over 40 years. William Gillies: Modernism and Nation in British Artwork is a deeply researched e book that presents a radically contemporary perspective on Gillies. The creator, Andrew McPherson (professor emeritus in sociology on the College of Edinburgh), makes compelling arguments for the significance of Gillies’s portraiture in our understanding of the artist, and for very completely different issues at play than the “countryman-painter” persona of prevailing orthodoxy. That countryman fable, and the “lad o’ pairts” trope that the artist and author Thomas Elder Dixon (1899-1978) used to clarify Gillies and his work, is totally and systematically dismantled in McPherson’s account.
There couldn’t be a greater time to supply a brand new e book on the life and work of Gillies, coming, because it does, 50 years after the artist’s loss of life and a century since he studied on the studio of André Lhote (1885-1962) in Paris. It’s accompanied by an related exhibition on the Royal Scottish Academy (RSA) in Edinburgh (till 28 January), which is able to tour 9 venues throughout Scotland all through 2024 and 2025.
The “unremitting pulse of premature and arbitrary loss of life” was a traumatic undercurrent that by no means left Gillies
The e book begins with a concise preface and preview, which explains its scope to readers. It is important to know that that is considered one of two books that McPherson has produced on Gillies and is the condensed, restructured model of an extended e book, The Life, Occasions and Work of William Gillies 1893-1973, with endnotes and fuller ancillary listings, because of be printed this yr. At instances, it’s acutely evident that one thing is lacking on this condensed model, to this reader not less than. Nonetheless, early on a collection of photos and quotations, all linked to Gillies’s id in some respect, depart the reader in little doubt of the existential issues on the coronary heart of the current publication, poignantly dropped at the fore in Portrait of Emma (1921), Gillies’s portrait of his youthful sister, a gifted potter, painted within the wake of their father’s loss of life.
Gillies’s mom was born in Kirriemuir, a spot of symbolic significance within the inter-war cultural struggles in Scotland when J.M. Barrie’s widespread e book A Window in Thrums (1889) cloaked the city in kailyard sentimentality. Actuality and fiction co-existed in a spot that loomed giant for the Gillies household rising up in Haddington. After serving abroad and in front-line trenches within the First World Warfare, Gillies moved to Edinburgh the place he had a conventional artwork coaching at ECA. At the moment, Bohemian Edinburgh welcomed Modernism, and Gillies was a part of a vibrant and energetic arts scene, exhibiting his portray Panorama with Highway and Solar (round 1935) on the Garret Studio, a hub for the humanities in Scotland.
There was a household historical past of unrecognised thyroid dysfunction, with people who suffered consigned to psychological establishments
There are two compelling threads operating by way of McPherson’s e book. First, there may be the presence of loss of life in Gillies’s life, what the creator calls the “unremitting pulse of premature and arbitrary loss of life” as a traumatic undercurrent that by no means left him. His father had died in 1921. Then, between 1927 and 1935, three artist associates died—William Crozier, William Munro and David Gunn—swiftly adopted by the loss of life of Gillies’s sister Emma in a psychiatric hospital in 1936. In 1943 got here the supposed suicide of his buddy, the creator Ann Scott-Moncrieff. Moreover, for greater than three many years from the early Nineteen Thirties Gillies additionally witnessed the painful decline and repeated admission to psychiatric care of his shut buddy, the artist Harold Morton, till his loss of life in 1965.
The opposite notable thread that McPherson identifies in Gillies’s life is his encounter with the psychological frailty of these round him. His mom labored in an asylum and the household house grew to become a spot for respite sufferers to remain throughout Gillies’s childhood, whereas his father skilled violent episodes that affected the whole family. There was a household historical past of unrecognised thyroid dysfunction, misdiagnosed as hysteria, with people who suffered consigned to psychological establishments. Gillies had no manner of figuring out if it could have an effect on him, too.
Village escape
After the declaration of the Second World Warfare in 1939, Gillies left his Edinburgh house, near Leith docks and due to this fact a goal for bombing, and moved to the Midlothian village of Temple. When his sister Janet and their mom died, the cottage at Temple grew to become an extension to the panorama in his thoughts and is seen in work akin to Backyard, Winter Sunshine (1960), the place inside and out of doors turn into attenuated, as did still-life and panorama, notion and creativeness.
From his first recorded use of the pencil till his loss of life, Gillies labored by way of the traumatic legacy of psychological frailty, household and battle. A personal man who didn’t discuss himself, by way of McPherson’s examine the artist’s existential issues can now be higher understood as one thing he totally explored in his work.
• William Gillies: Modernism and Nation in British Artwork, by Andrew McPherson. Edinburgh College Press, 280pp, 162 color and 16 b&w illustrations, £25 (pb and book Epub), £100 (hb and book PDF), printed 31 October 2023
